lunes, 21 de julio de 2025

¿crees que las cosas ahora duran menos?

Carmen Pérez Lanzac: ¿Crees que las cosas ahora duran menos? ¿Todo es de peor calidad y la ropa se te deforma al segundo lavado? ¿Consideras que son las multinacionales las que han dejado de fabricar cosas de calidad? Pues escucha lo que ha descubierto Daniel Soufi: "La lógica mercantil es irrefutable: las cosas no son peores; en gran medida, son tal como las queremos o como nos las han hecho querer. Dicho de otro modo: quienes somos de peor calidad somos nosotros". Ver texto completo En Ideas (sección de El País): https://lnkd.in/dPCV23Yt

 

 
collage, Madrid, Spain (1998)

 

domingo, 20 de julio de 2025

Tecno-feudalismo (Yanis Varoufakis) - 5 - desregulación que permitió que Wall Street se descontrolara

Volcker: "Weighing the requirements of a stable international system against the desirability of maintaining domestic political freedom, several countries, including the USA, opted for the latter [...]".

The controlled dismantling of the old planned economy [Bretton-Woods] (...) was undoubtedly going to harm American workers. After decades of hard work to climb (...) the socioeconomic ladder, workers were ruthlessly ejected and returned to the hell of subsistence wages. 

(...) the controlled dismantling of the old system (...) required, in addition to neutralizing the unions, inducing a recession that would reduce workers' bargaining power and remove the shackles that President Roosevelt had imposed on bankers to curb their recklessness. (...) That is when neoliberalism emerged. 

Neoliberalism, which was neither new nor liberal, provided the necessary ideological veneer to legitimize the attack on organized labor and to promote the "deregulation" that allowed Wall Street to run rampant. With it also came the revival of economic theories that humanity had rightly discarded during the Great Depression [of 1929]; theories that cleverly took for granted what they purported to explain, such as the great lie that deregulated financial markets are the most adaptable. 

Computers allowed financiers to greatly complicate their bets. When computers ensured that no one could understand what these derivatives were made of, everyone wanted to buy them because... everyone was buying them. For years, it worked that way. Until, in 2008, it stopped. (...) a total collapse of the financial market would leave many people homeless and cause a complete breakdown of the social contract. 

                                                                                *** 

Volcker: "Al sopesar los requisitos de un sistema internacional estable y la conveniencia de seguir teniendo libertad de acción política nacional, varios países, entre ellos USA, optaron por esto último [...]".

La desintegración controlada del antiguo sistema planificado [Bretton-Woods] (...) iban sin duda a perjudicar a los trabajadores estadounidenses. Tras décadas de trabajo arduo para ascender (...) en la escala socioeconómica, los trabajadores fueron expulsados de ella sin contemplación y regresaron al infierno de los salarios de subsistencia.

(...) la desintegración controlada del viejo sistema (...) requería, además de la neutralización de los sindicatos, provocar una recesión que redujera el poder de negociación de los trabajadores y eliminara las cadenas que el presidente Roosevelt había impuesto a los banqueros para contener su imprudencia. (...) Ahí es cuando aparece el neoliberalismo.

El neoliberalismo, que no era nuevo ni liberal (...) aportó la pátina ideológica necesaria para legitimar el ataque contra la mano de obra organizada y para promover la "desregulación" que permitió que Wall Street se descontrolara. Con él llegó también la recuperación de teorías económicas que la humanidad, con razón, había desechado durante la Gran Depresión [de 1929]; teorías que hábilmente daban por sentado lo que pretendían explicar, como la gran mentira de que los mercados financieros desregulados son los que se adaptan mejor.

(...) Los ordenadores permitieron que los financieros complicaran enormemente sus apuestas. (...) Cuando los ordenadores garantizaron que nadie pudiera entender de qué estaban hechos esos derivados, todo el mundo quiso comprarlos porque... todo el mundo los estaba comprando. (...) Durante año, funcionó así. Hasta que, en 2008, dejó de hacerlo. (...) un colapso total del mercado financiero [que] provocaría que muchas personas se quedaran sin hogar y una ruptura total del contrato social.

Nota: Todas las entradas que he transcrito del libro Tecno-feudalismo se pueden encontrar en este link:
 
Nota: Muy interesantes también las notas del libro Posteconomía - Hacia una Nueva Edad Media, de Antonio Baños: 
 
Nota: Muy interesantes también las notas del libro Técnica y totalitarismo, de Jordi Pigem:
 
Nota: Una app muy ilustrativa de la increíblemente grotesca y atroz riqueza de los superricos, que ningún ser humano merece tener, ni necesita, ni puede gastar:

  

 




Tecno-feudalismo (Yanis Varoufakis) - 4 - nuestros deseos frustrados han sido fabricados por otros

In principle we are all collective beings ... even the greatest genius would not get far if it would owe everything to his inner own.
(J. W. v. Goethe)

Una cosa es que nuestros sueños no se cumplan. Otra muy distinta es sentir que nuestros sueños incumplidos, nuestros deseos frustrados, han sido fabricados por otros. Cuanto más se satisfacen nuestros anhelos producidos en serie, menos saciados nos sentimos. Cuanto mayor era la capacidad de la tecnoestructura para avivar las pasiones, mayor era el vacío interior que se percibía cuando éstas se atendían. Para llenar ese vacío, los jóvenes sentían una profunda necesidad de romper con el orden establecido, rebelarse sin una causa bien definida, de proclamar su indignación moral ante los métodos de la tecnoestructura. (...) recordaban a la rebeldía que suele presagiar un fin de siècle, el final de un régimen y su sustitución por algo nuevo.

(...) no eran los únicos descontentos. (...) los 50 y 60 del s. XX habían sido una pesadilla para quienes creían de verdad en el capitalismo como un sistema natural de orden espontáneo. Dondequiera que miraran, veían una planificación centralizada. (...) Desde su perspectiva de partidarios del libre mercado, el excesivo parecido del plan global [de USA] con la planificación soviética resultaba incómodo. En resumen, Occidente estaba psicológicamente preparado para una ruptura como la del shock de Nixon.

Nota: Todas las entradas que he transcrito del libro Tecno-feudalismo se pueden encontrar en este link:
 
Nota: Muy interesantes también las notas del libro Posteconomía - Hacia una Nueva Edad Media, de Antonio Baños: 
 
Nota: Muy interesantes también las notas del libro Técnica y totalitarismo, de Jordi Pigem:
 
Nota: Una app muy ilustrativa de la increíblemente grotesca y atroz riqueza de los superricos, que ningún ser humano merece tener, ni necesita, ni puede gastar:

 


martes, 24 de junio de 2025

La Guerra Civil Española (2024), de Paul Preston

La Guerra Civil Española (2024), de Paul Preston, pp. 400.

Pese a tratarse de una democracia liberal, la República no recibió en la Guerra Civil el apoyo de un Reino Unido que, en cambio, adoptó una neutralidad favorable a los nacionales. Este último libro de Paul Preston indaga en los motivos de esta postura y en los prejuicios, errores y contradicciones de la diplomacia británica, por ejemplo, respecto al President Lluís Companys. En este mosaico emerge la figura del cónsul en Barcelona, el supremacista Norman King.

Now, here in this link, more information about the role of UK in Franco's final success in the Spanish Civil War.

Nota: Ver otros links y otras entradas relacionadas con la Guerra Civil Española aquí abajo, y en particular, la primera, que habla de Lluís Companys y los anarquistas, o la segunda y la cuarta, que también hablan del turbio papel que UK desempeñó en los inicios de la Guerra Civil Española, arrastrando consigo también a Francia, y que condicionó la política europea y de USA hacia la República:

https://joseirojas.blogspot.com/2022/05/the-battle-for-spain-antony-beevor-1.html

https://joseirojas.blogspot.com/2022/05/the-battle-for-spain-antony-beevor-2.html

https://joseirojas.blogspot.com/2022/05/the-battle-for-spain-antony-beevor-3.html

https://joseirojas.blogspot.com/2022/05/the-battle-for-spain-antony-beevor-4.html

Campos de concentración franquistas. Miles de presos republicanos fueron trasladados contra su voluntad a cientos de kilómetros lejos de sus lugares de origen después de la Guerra Civil para ingresar en los campos de concentración del franquismo, una infraestructura relativamente aún poco conocida de la represión del régimen. El trabajo de los arqueólogos da una idea de las penalidades a las que fueron sometidos los reclusos.

  

lunes, 16 de junio de 2025

entradas sobre Sociología del Moderneo, de Iñaki Domínguez

Entradas sobre Sociología del Moderneo, Ed. Melusina, de Iñaki Domínguez:

Cultura e ideología son filtros a través de los que entendemos el mundo, filtros que según la tradición marxista están viciados y encauzan nuestra conciencia hacia opiniones y acciones contrarias a nuestros intereses (alienación): https://joseirojas.blogspot.com/2017/06/sociologia-del-moderneo-1.html 

La autonomía exige responsabilidad, y la responsabilidad crea ansiedad. Tener que decidir por nosotros mismos crea dilemas y situaciones críticas que preferiríamos evitar. ¿Para qué decidir si podemos actuar a base de automatismos? https://joseirojas.blogspot.com/2017/06/sociologia-del-moderneo-2.html

El significado real o motivación ideológica del sistema consiste en aislar al individuo y que, al carecer de la satisfacción que proporciona la intimidad, se vea impelido a consumir cada vez más desaforadamente para construir valor entorno a su persona; el cultivo de una insatisfacción sistémica para desarrollar una personalidad mezquina que no sepa dar salida a las necesidades reales: https://joseirojas.blogspot.com/2017/07/sociologia-del-moderneo-3.html 

domingo, 15 de junio de 2025

demà, i demà, i demà (Gabrielle Zevin) - 3 - aquest bescanvi compensa el patiment?

(...) ja feia gairebé un any que estava malalt. El càncer –primer al pulmó i després, fatalment, en altres llocs, a tot arreu– havia reduït l’avi fort i meravellós d’en Sam a un munt indefens de cèl·lules defectuoses. (...)

En Sam va veure com patia en Dong Hyun a mesura que li extirpaven parts. I a la fi, quan ja no quedava res més per endur-se, en Dong Hyun se’n va anar. (...)

La quantitat de temps que en Dong Hyun va trigar a morir volia dir, també, que havia pogut dir tot el que volia dir a en Sam, als seus cosins i a la seva àvia. Aquest bescanvi compensava el patiment? En Sam no ho sabia.

                                                                    Demà, i demà, i demà (Gabrielle Zevin)


Amstelveen, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2025)
 

demà, i demà, i demà (Gabrielle Zevin) - 2 - aquelles ànimes maleïdes

- Però tornant al que deia, la gent de mitjana edat...
- Aquelles ànimes maleïdes i fetes pols pels compromisos inevitables de la vida, vols dir?
 
                                                                    Demà, i demà, i demà (Gabrielle Zevin)


Avis, Alentejo, Portugal (2010)
 

miércoles, 11 de junio de 2025

el verdadero peligro que corre la democracia

Esto que comento a continuación sí que es el verdadero peligro que corre la democracia (!!) (más elaborado en este otro link): bulo de pseudomedios (o ya también ultimamente de medios serios, por desgracia) o montaje de la polícia patriótica (https://www.eldiario.es/politica/miembro-brigada-politica-pp-declara-busco-informacion-orden-jefes_1_12425064.html) -> manos limpias/hazte oír te demandan -> el juez que acepta la demanda (!!) -> los medios poco serios y/o afines lo amplifican -> imputado (o no), piden tu dimisión -> dimites -> 13.5 años después eres exculpado -> a nadie le pasa nada salvo a ti, que te han arruinado la carrera y la vida, y así ha accedido al poder quien no lo merecía ni debería (véanse casos de Lula da Silva, Antonio Costa, Mónica Oltra, etc.)

 

domingo, 25 de mayo de 2025

demà, i demà, i demà (Gabrielle Zevin) - 1 - una constant i una variable al mateix temps

La manera de convertir els ex-amants en amics és no deixar mai d’estimar-los, saber que quan s’acaba una fase d’una relació, la relació es pot transformar en una altra cosa. És reconèixer que l’amor és una constant i una variable al mateix temps.
 
                                                                    Demà, i demà, i demà (Gabrielle Zevin)
 
 
Ciutadella, Menorca, Illes Balears, 2023
 

jueves, 22 de mayo de 2025

Tecno-feudalismo (Yanis Varoufakis) - 3 - números disparatados

(...) se permitió a los banqueros, liberados ahora de las cadenas del New Deal, apostar en la bolsa de valores, primero con el dinero de otras personas y, más tarde, con sumas astronómicas de dinero -salidas, en realidad, de la nada- que los bancos se prestaronn a... sí mismos.

                                 Tecno-feudalismo – El sigiloso sucesor del capitalismo (Yanis Varoufakis)
 
Nota: Todas las entradas que he transcrito del libro Tecno-feudalismo se pueden encontrar en este link:
 
Nota: Muy interesantes también las notas del libro Posteconomía - Hacia una Nueva Edad Media, de Antonio Baños: 
 
Nota: Muy interesantes también las notas del libro Técnica y totalitarismo, de Jordi Pigem:
 
Nota: Una app muy ilustrativa de la increíblemente grotesca y atroz riqueza de los superricos, que ningún ser humano merece tener, ni necesita, ni puede gastar:
 
 




 
 

sábado, 10 de mayo de 2025

amazing essay about Boromir (found in Facebook)

I rant through my tears about how much I love Boromir every time I watch Lord of the Rings, which I do once a year. Every time I watch it, his death means more to me, hits me harder, and I think that’s because the older we get, the more we identify with Boromir.

In all honesty, as a kid (I first read LOTR when I was eleven, 1st watched the films at that age as well), I wasn’t too fond of Boromir. Oh I liked him all right, he was fine I suppose, but I didn’t connect with him. I was angry when he tried to take the One Ring from Frodo, and I cried a little at his death because death is sad and I was a kid, but it didn’t devastate me.

Because as a kid I wanted to be Aragorn. The reluctant king who rises up and does the right thing, always. The guy who gets the amazing (be still my bi heart) Arwen, the Evenstar, fairest of the elves. The guy who literally kicks ass. The man who is noble, honorable, thoughtful, good with his words, humble, knows the burdens of leadership, who stands up and says there will be a day when the courage of men fails, but this is not that day. I wanted to be the hero.

I noticed this trend among my peers growing up. We all loved Aragorn and wanted to be him. Boromir was sort of dismissed. But then, a funny thing happened, called getting older:
I got older, and I fucked up.
I got older, and depression hit.
I got older, and the weight of societal expectations, of being an older sibling, of adult responsibilities, of legacy, of family
secrets, of family history, all settled on my shoulders.
I got older, and I learned that men are not always honorable, or kind, or humble, or the leaders they should be. And I learned how
hard and desperate it is to continue to believe in the strength of men.
I got older, and I learned how temptation comes for us all, in different forms, and how we hurt people without meaning to, and how
sometimes for all our regret and tears and apologies, we cannot mend what we broke.
I got older, and I leaned what it is to be forced into a role I didn’t want, to feel I’d hit a dead end, to struggle against those
who had different views, to feel like people could look into my heart and see the anger and fear that I tried so hard to hide.
I got older, and I realized: I’m Boromir. We’re all Boromir.

Tolkien was very deliberate with his characters. They aren’t just characters, flawed and wonderful though they might be. They also each represent something very specific. Aragorn represents the Ideal. The hero that we all can be, the hero that we should strive to be, the vision of mankind as we are supposed to be, if only we can let ourselves shed our hubris and our doubts. Aragorn represents who we should be. Boromir represents who we are. Flawed, frustrated, burdened, tempted, struggling, setback, good intentioned, afraid, angry, kindhearted, noble, loyal, and painfully, beautifully human.

Boromir went to the Council of Elrond reluctantly. He shouldn’t have gone. Boromir is a war leader, as we learn after his death. He successfully fought for and defended Gondor from Mordor for years.  That’s where he belongs. Faramir is the quiet one, the diplomat, the “wizard’s pupil,” the soft-spoken and patient one. Note that even in the film version, which shows a differently characterized Faramir than in the books (Tolkien heavily based Faramir on himself), Faramir only wants the One Ring in order to give it to his father and win his father’s pride and affection–he doesn’t want it for himself. 

If Faramir had been at the Council and Boromir had stayed in Gondor, everything would have gone differently, and possibly for the better. But the Steward of Fuckwits, aka Boromir and Faramir’s father, decides he wants Boromir to go, to represent their family, because Boromir is the son he values and is the “face” of Gondor. So Boromir sets aside what he wants, and he goes. And the whole time he feels out of place, feels like a fish out of water, feels second to Aragorn, feels lost, feels terrified his city will fall while he is gone, feels like the race of Men is being mocked and looked down on as weak. How many of us as we grow up are stuck like that? We can’t fix our family (although we try), we can’t fix our broken country (although we try), we can’t get rid of the doubts and fears that whisper to us (although we try), and we can’t stop feeling like we’re constantly second best, constantly failing, looked down on, especially the millennial generation.

(Given what’s happening in the world right now, I wouldn’t be surprised if Tolkien found himself surprisingly similar in outlook and feeling to our generation. But that’s another topic.) And of course that’s the key. Boromir–darling, frustrated, stuck, fatally flawed Boromir–is so very relatable because he tries. He tries to teach Merry and Pippin to protect themselves and then tries to save them and dies for it. He tries to convince Aragorn (who at that point is more elf than man in his outlook) that there is no reason to give up on his people, their people–and he succeeds in that, although he dies before he gets to see it. He tries to make his father proud. He tries to apologize when he fucks up. He tries and he fails, and he tries and he succeeds. And the most important things he does, the biggest seeds he plants, he never sees them flower. Like my God, the man’s last words are I failed. I failed you, I failed Frodo, I tried to take the Ring. I’m sorry, I failed. That hits me so goddamn hard in my mid20s and it’ll hit me even harder when I’m older, I’m sure. How many times have we said that to people? “I tried to help him.” “I tried to reach out.” “I tried to apologize.” “I tried to stop them.” “I tried so hard.” I tried, I tried, I tried. For the job, for the friend, for everything, I tried. And I failed.

I have a laundry list of things I tried and failed at, and God, do they hurt. Sometimes it was something out of my control, sometimes it was my own behavior. And that scene with Boromir, the flawed man, staring up at Aragorn, the ideal hero, and begging him, begging him, “save them, they took the little ones, find Frodo,” begging him for forgiveness, apologizing for his failures? Talk about a fucking metaphor.

We make our ideals in literature so that we have something to look up to and strive for, for others to strive for. Boromir falls prey to the ring, but Aragorn does not. You did what I could not. Of course Aragorn did. He’s the ideal. And we beg our ideals to be better so they can show us the way and hopefully, maybe, someday, we can be like them.

I had so many heroes growing up, real and literary. Sara from A Little Princess. Aragorn. Lucy from Narnia. Nancy Drew. Harry Potter. And so many times I would look at myself in the mirror and cry because I knew, I knew if I stood in front of them they would be disappointed in me. I knew I wasn’t being the person I could be. I tried, I failed, I tried, I failed, but my God I swear, I tried. 

As a kid or even a teenager, we still see mainly who we want to be. Our ideal. And I hope that we never lose sight of that. I love Aragorn and my God am I going to keep trying to be like him, and like all of my other literary heroes. We need those heroes, we need them so badly, and the darker the world gets the brighter we have to make them shine.

As an adult, though–as an adult, we start to see not only who we want to be, but who we are, and who we could’ve been, and how we failed to be, and the paths not taken and the paths that were lost. And that’s important too. Because Boromir died convinced he was a failure. Convinced he was, truly, the weakness we find in men. And he was… but he wasn’t.

Without Boromir, Aragorn wouldn’t know what happened to Merry and Pippin or where they went. Without Boromir, Aragorn would’ve had no hope in the race of men. Without Boromir, who would have carried the hobbits up the cold mountain, or taught them how to fight, or said give them a moment, for pity’s sake! Who would have defended Gondor for so long, or loved his brother with a ferocity that Denethor’s abuse couldn’t knock loose, and inspired that brother to keep fighting even as the light faded and the night grew cold and long?

Aragorn carries Boromir’s bracers throughout the rest of the trilogy, right up to his coronation, where he is still wearing them as he is made King. Because Boromir might not have seen it–we might not see it–but we tried and we failed but we didn’t fail at everything. Lives are made brighter for our presence. The world is better for our gifts and our convictions. And no fight, even a fight lost, is done in vain. The remains of the Fellowship ride to Gondor not just because it’s the Right Thing to Do, but because it is the city of their fallen brother, it’s Boromir’s home, the home that above all he gave everything to defend. Boromir doesn’t want the Ring for power, he wants it so his home will be safe, his family will be safe, and God who can’t relate to that, as we grow older and we see our families and friends attacked and scarred, as we have children and want them out of harm’s way. Who wouldn’t be tempted to seize the chance to keep them safe?

I see so much of myself in Boromir. And I take hope. I take inspiration. I cheer through my tears as he is hit again and again with arrows and each time he gets back up on his feet and grits his teeth and you can see him thinking not today. As a child I thought Boromir was selfish but as an adult I hear him use his last breath to apologize to Aragorn and call him his brother and his king and I see he’s more selfless than he ever gave himself credit for being. Boromir sees only his faults, but we can see what he doesn’t, we see his positive impact and we see his virtues, too.Because as an adult I’ve failed, and I want to believe that like Boromir, I’ve also succeeded, I’ve also been more than just my faults–even if I can’t see that yet. Aragorn is who we should be. But Boromir is who we are. And my God, we should be proud of that. Because Boromir is a damn good person to be."

If you are a man... and have felt this weight... Kingmaker is for you.